Level Two

1. Intellectual property (or IP) refers to a legal entitlement (exclusive rights) around the expression form of an idea. It reflects that the idea is the product of the mind or the intellect, and that IP rights may be protected at law in the same way as any other form of property = it exists for the domains of movies, music, books, websites, and photos.

2. EULA is a free software license which corresponds to a contract between a producer and a user of computer software. It specifies the properties of the permission allowed by the owner to the user = the company macromedia.com (http://www.macromedia.com) adopts this license.

3. DRM refers to technical methods used to handle the description, analysis, valuation, trading and monitoring of the rights linked to a digital production = Windows Media Digital Rights Management for Windows Media Audio and Video (http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/drm/default.aspx)

4. Pay-On-Demand TV are special programs that TV channels purposes people to download or to watch in exchange of money = Apple's iTunes video will purposes in the future to people to download episodes of TV show (Lost, for example) (http://www.apple.com/imac/frontrow.html)

5. Time shifting corresponds to the recording of TV shows to storage medium to be watched at a time choose by the consumer. First it was purposed on VCR, then on PVR (Personal Video Recording). It can also be applied to cable television broadcasting = BrightBox (http://www.mybrightbox.com) is a technology which permits people to do it on the Internet.

6. TIVO is an American brand of digital video recorder, or PVR. It is a consumer video device which allows users to capture television programming to internal hard disk storage for later viewing = it corresponds to “time-shifting”;

7. An FTP server can be a computer responsible for serving any kind of files, via the File Transfer Protocol to FTP clients which can also be web browsers. This technology permits people to share a important number of files (as sounds, videos, software, etc.) and to transfer their website on their host servers = the free software FileZilla (http://filezilla.sourceforge.net/) , which contains lots of useful features and an intuitive interface.

8. Prime time corresponds to a period of the evening where the most watched TV shows are broadcasted. For the radio, it corresponds to the beginning of the morning generally in France.

9. Long tail marketing strategy is a technique to increase sales while decreasing the cost per sale by developing and selling to thousands of niche markets. It has implications within search engine marketing, online selling and advertising purchases. Video games developers adopt it in releasing website development kits (it allow players to create fan websites featuring artwork and materials provided by the game developer) = The Google Adwords program (https://adwords.google.com/select/) is a good example.

10. Click and mortar (or clicks and bricks) company is an organisation which adopts a strategy or business model in e-commerce in trying to integrate online and physical presences = the French electronic shop Surcouf has got real shop in France and also an e-shop on its website (http://www.surcouf.com)

11. Ripping is the process which consists to copy audio or video data on DVD or CD. The copied data are encoded in a compressed format such as MP3, WMA, etc. = the website CDBurnerXpro purposes a mp3 ripping software (http://www.cdburner.com-http.com/)

12. Alternative journalism on the web corresponds to an untraditional form of journalism that we can find on the Internet = for example, the Internation website Indymedia (http://www.indymedia.org) corresponds to a blog which purposes alternative informations all over the world.